Rwanda Population and Housing Census 2012
Rwanda, 2012
Get MicrodataIdentification
RWA-NISR-RPHC-2012-v2
Rwanda Population and Housing Census 2012
RPHC 2012
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Rwanda | rwa |
Population and Housing Census [hh/popcen]
Measuring progress in Rwanda's development calls for the availability of economic, demographic and social statistical data necessary to compile developmental indicators at different levels and points in time. This census thus comes to serve that purpose. Beside the commitment to international development goals, the Government of Rwanda (GoR) is also focusing on Rwanda’s Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategies (EDPRS) that also calls for solid benchmark baselines and systematic and timely monitoring and evaluation. This census contributes to serving that purpose.
The 3rd Population and Housing Census of Rwanda was conducted in August 2002. As a standard recommendation, each country needs to conduct a census at least once every 10 years in order to update information collected in the previous endeavor. In Rwanda, the first population census was conducted in August 1978, the second in August 1991, followed by the third in August 2002. The results of these censuses and other national surveys consistently indicate progress in all social and economic domains across the board and highlight where challenges remain. This fourth census will add to the data needed for continued progress.
Census/enumeration data [cen]
Units of analysis for the census were individuals and households.
Version
v.2: Edited, anonymised dataset for public distribution
2015-06-23
Version 2 of the dataset was produced on 23 June 2015.
Scope
The fourth Rwanda Population and Housing Census conducted in 2012 collected data on the following:
Demographic data (sex, age), relationship to household head, marital status, migration, nationality, fertility, disability, mortality, medical insurance, education, language, religion, and employment.
Coverage
The census had national coverage
The census covered all household members in the country.
Producers and sponsors
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda | Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning |
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Government of Rwanda | GoR | Funder |
| United Nations Population Fund | UNFPA | Funder |
| Department for International Development (UK) | DfID | Funder |
| One United Nations | OneUN | Funder |
| European Union | EU | Funder |
| World Bank | WB | Funder |
Survey instrument
A first draft questionnaire prepared by the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR) was submitted to the Census Technical Committee for amendment before its approval by the National Census Commission. This version of the questionnaire and related manuals were tested during a Pilot Census in 2011. Lessons learnt allowed the NISR to finalize the questionnaire, containing 77 variables, and modify the manuals accordingly. The latest version of the questionnaire was subject to the approval of the National Census Commission prior to its administration to households. The questionnaires used to collect data were of two types: a private household questionnaire and an institutional questionnaire.
Data collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2012-08-16 | 2012-08-30 |
- Face-to-face [f2f]
| Name | Affiliation | Abbreviation |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda | Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning | NISR |
As initially planned, the enumeration of the population in private and institutional households was conducted across the country from 16th to 30th August 2012, just after the census reference night. Although data collection activities were carried out by well trained enumerators, quality assurance of the field work entailed close supervision by line managers at different levels:
- Team Supervisors, covering an average of five enumeration areas each
- Sector Controllers;
- Zonal Supervisors, covering between 2 and 5 administrative Sectors;
- District Coordinators;
- Province Coordinators;
- National Coordinators.
To quality control data collection phase, team-leaders had daily meetings with their team of three to five enumerators. This allowed reviewing of the last day's enumeration, planning for the next day, and as the enumeration phase progressed delivery of additional batches of forms if needed. Team-leaders collected completed forms each day and checked them for completeness, as well as re-visiting some households to check the accuracy, helping to control measurement error. The process of enumeration also allowed for some fine-tuning of the listing. This is a particular issue in some rural areas where at listing stage it can be difficult to understand exactly how many households exist in a compound, while this becomes clear when the compound is enumerated and can therefore result in either the addition or removal of households. A key component was then the daily feedback of numbers enumerated in each EA by the team-leaders using SMS, so that progress with respect to response error as measured by the listing could be monitored at all levels.
In accordance with the instructions contained in the census manual, each manager ensured smooth daily progress of the operations within his/her area of supervision. Enumerators were accountable for the work done on a daily basis to their team leaders who carried out the verification of completed questionnaires and brought appropriate solutions to the problems
encountered.
The Pilot Census in July / August 2011 took place in 75 EAs randomly selected from across Rwanda was a major test of the enumeration phase 'on-the-ground' in terms of the recruitment and training of enumerators, the listing of an EA, as well as the use of the questionnaire. In other words it was concentrating on ensuring measurement errors would be minimized in the actual census collection. After further consultation across the team, testing of ideas for fieldwork management was added to consider how to ensure response error would be controlled.
To enable the ultimate training of more than 17,000 enumerators and their team-leaders, the hierarchical structure of census management was used to cascade the standardised training down from the National and Provincial level to the local level. Core Master Trainers from NISR developed the training materials, including the CD of enumerator dialogues, trained those involved at the Province, District and Zone as Master Trainers. This was a two week residential training programme that included at least two fieldwork tests to assess and aid learning. These Master Trainers then cascaded the training down to the Sector level by replicating the two week residential training programme at training centres across Rwanda. Finally, the Sector level Trainers trained the team-leaders and enumerators using the same two week residential model, with the fieldwork tests, at 67 training centres. As training was cascaded down, the quality was ensured by the use of standard materials including the CD as well as by direct quality assurance at the training by the eight Core Master Trainers and the more numerous Master Trainers.
Careful planning by NISR ensured that everything was in-place to facilitate the actual enumeration of the population during the enumeration phase following census night, 15th August 2012.The enumeration of the population in private and institutional households was conducted across the country from 16th to 30th August 2012, just after the census reference night
The interviews were conducted in Kinyarwanda and English languages
Data processing
The National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda have used standard (hot-deck and cold-deck) donor-based methods to impute for the item non-response on a variable-by-variable basis. Such an approach preserves the marginal distribution of a variable, conditional on the variables used to identify the donor, but it can damage multivariate relationships as different donors can provide imputations for the item non-response of related questions within a single individual. However, this is likely to be a minimal issue here as edit and imputation rates for individual questions are in general a fraction of one per cent. In the small number of cases where the full household information was missing, a single donor was chosen from the neighbouring households rather than an individual-by-individual variable approach as in such cases there is no household level information apart from location to inform the choice of the donor record.
For information on data editing refer to 'Data Qality Assessment ' document provided as an external resources.
Data appraisal
The Post Enumeration Survey (PES) took place in 120 randomly selected EAs shortly after the census enumeration phase. The EAs included were unknown to anyone involved in the Census, so there could be no manipulation of response in those EAs, and no staff worked on both the Census and the PES to maximise the operational independence of the PES. The 120 EAs were a stratified sample based on urban-rural by province, with some over-sampling to ensure good representation of all strata. The selections were made using systematic random sampling with geographic ordering and this additional implicit stratification also ensured all districts were represented by at least one EA in the final sample.
Based on the efforts put in during both the pre-enumeration and the enumeration phases, a high level of coverage is to be expected. The PES measured the net coverage of the RPHC4 to be over 99%. A high value is to be expected given the comprehensive efforts put into the planning and enumeration phases.
Data Access
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Data Portals Management Officer | National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda | http://www.statistics.gov.rw | rwanda.nada@statistics.gov.rw |
| Public Relations and Communication Officer | National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda | http://www.statistics.gov.rw | info@statistics.gov.rw |
| Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required? | Confidentiality declaration text |
|---|---|
| yes | By downloading the data users agree to maintain the confidentiality of the data and data subjects. |
Public use files, accessible for all. However, data users are required to register to access the data.
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda. Rwanda Population and Housing Census 2012 [dataset]. Version 2. Kigali: NISR [producer], 2015.NISR [distributor], 2014.
Disclaimer and copyrights
(c) date, National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Data Portals Management Officer | National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda | rwanda.nada@statistics.gov.rw | http://statistics.gov.rw/ |
Metadata production
ddi-rwa-nisr-rphc-2012-v2
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda | NISR | Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning | Metadata producer |
2015-06-23
Metadata version
version 2