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FinScope 2024, Financial Inclusion in Rwanda

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RWA-NISR-FINSCOPE-2024-v01
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Created on
Jul 09, 2025
Last modified
Jul 09, 2025
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Data file: Microdata

Cases: 13994
Variables: 2500

Variables

uf3_11_15
uf3_11. Documents required when opened: Asylum seeker_Village/community associat
uf3_11_16
uf3_11. Documents required when opened: Other_Village/community association
uf3_11_17
uf3_11. Documents required when opened: Don't know/Can't remember_Village/commun
uf4_01_1
uf4. Savings accounts with-Commercial bank
uf4_01_2
uf4. Current accounts with-Commercial bank
uf4_01_3
uf4. Fixed deposits with-Commercial bank
uf4_01_4
uf4. Outstanding loans with-Commercial bank
uf4_01_5
uf4. Other with-Commercial bank
uf4_02_1
uf4. Savings accounts with-Digital bank
uf4_02_2
uf4. Current accounts with-Digital bank
uf4_02_3
uf4. Fixed deposits with-Digital bank
uf4_02_4
uf4. Outstanding loans with-Digital bank
uf4_02_5
uf4. Other with-Digital bank
uf4_03_1
uf4. Savings accounts with-Microfinance institution
uf4_03_2
uf4. Current accounts with-Microfinance institution
uf4_03_3
uf4. Fixed deposits with-Microfinance institution
uf4_03_4
uf4. Outstanding loans with-Microfinance institution
uf4_03_5
uf4. Other with-Microfinance institution
uf4_04_1
uf4. Savings accounts with-Non Deposit Taking Lending Financial (NDFI)
uf4_04_2
uf4. Current accounts with-Non Deposit Taking Lending Financial (NDFI)
uf4_04_3
uf4. Fixed deposits with-Non Deposit Taking Lending Financial (NDFI)
uf4_04_4
uf4. Outstanding loans with-Non Deposit Taking Lending Financial (NDFI)
uf4_04_5
uf4. Other with-Non Deposit Taking Lending Financial (NDFI)
uf4_05_1
uf4. Savings accounts with-Mobile money operatorr
uf4_05_2
uf4. Current accounts with-Mobile money operator
uf4_05_3
uf4. Fixed deposits with-Mobile money operator
uf4_05_4
uf4. Outstanding loans with-Mobile money operator
uf4_05_5
uf4. Other with-Mobile money operator
uf4_06_1
uf4. Savings accounts with-Umurenge SACCO
uf4_06_2
uf4. Current accounts with-Umurenge SACCO
uf4_06_3
uf4. Fixed deposits with-Umurenge SACCO
uf4_06_4
uf4. Outstanding loans with-Umurenge SACCO
uf4_06_5
uf4. Other with-Umurenge SACCO
uf4_07_1
uf4. Savings accounts with-Insurance provider
uf4_07_2
uf4. Current accounts with-Insurance provider
uf4_07_3
uf4. Fixed deposits with-Insurance provider
uf4_07_4
uf4. Outstanding loans with-Insurance provider
uf4_07_5
uf4. Other with-Insurance provider
uf4_08_1
uf4. Savings accounts with-Pension fund administrator
uf4_08_2
uf4. Current accounts with-Pension fund administrator
uf4_08_3
uf4. Fixed deposits with-Pension fund administrator
uf4_08_4
uf4. Outstanding loans with-Pension fund administrator
uf4_08_5
uf4. Other with-Pension fund administrator
uf4_09_1
uf4. Savings accounts with-Long Term Saving Scheme (EJOHEZA)
uf4_09_2
uf4. Current accounts with-Long Term Saving Scheme (EJOHEZA)
uf4_09_3
uf4. Fixed deposits with-Long Term Saving Scheme (EJOHEZA)
uf4_09_4
uf4. Outstanding loans with-Long Term Saving Scheme (EJOHEZA)
uf4_09_5
uf4. Other with-Long Term Saving Scheme (EJOHEZA)
uf4_10_1
uf4. Savings accounts with-Savings group that you save with or borrow from
uf4_10_2
uf4. Current accounts with-Savings group that you save with or borrow from
uf4_10_3
uf4. Fixed deposits with-Savings group that you save with or borrow from
uf4_10_4
uf4. Outstanding loans with-Savings group that you save with or borrow from
uf4_10_5
uf4. Other with-Savings group that you save with or borrow from
uf4_11_1
uf4. Savings accounts with-Village/community association
uf4_11_2
uf4. Current accounts with-Village/community association
uf4_11_3
uf4. Fixed deposits with-Village/community association
uf4_11_4
uf4. Outstanding loans with-Village/community association
uf4_11_5
uf4. Other with-Village/community association
uf5
uf5. If you have a problem with your financial institution that you cannot resol
g1
G1. People have different ways of describing what it means to save. Which of the
g2
Which of the following statements are true for you?
g2_1
g2. You save for difficult times - even if your income is low
g2_2
g2. You believe it is better to save where your money is safe than to take risks
g2_3
g2. You save or put money away for a specific purpose and you do not use it for
g2_4
g2. You save or put money away for a specific purpose, but you end up using it b
g2_5
g2. You know about different retirement products or packages
g3
G3. What is the shortest time for you to put money aside for it to count as savi
g3a
G3a. Please tell me which of the following do you have?
g3a_01
g3a. Saving with - Commercial bank
g3a_02
g3a. Saving with - MFI or a non-umurenge SACCO
g3a_03
g3a. Saving through - Mobile Money account
g3a_04
g3a. Saving through - Insurance for education
g3a_05
g3a. Saving through - Ejo Heza Fund
g3a_06
g3a. Saving through - Iterambere Fund (RNIT)
g3a_07
g3a. Saving through - Private pension like RSSB, Ituze...
g3a_08
g3a. Saving with - Saving_Umurenge SACCO
g3a_09
g3a. Saving through - Saving_capital/stock market
g3a_10
g3a. Saving with - Pension fund/provident fund
g3a_11
g3a. Saving with - a group such as a coop, VSLA, tontine, ikibina
g3a_12
g3a. Saving through - someone in community who keeps it safe for you
g3a_13
g3a. Saving with - someone in household/family who keeps it safe for you
g3a_14
g3a. Saving through buy things to sell later
g3a_15
g3a. Saving in a secret place at home
g3a_16
g3a. Saving - Other mechanism not mentioned
g3a_17
g3a. Saving with - Do not save
g3b
G3b. With which institution(s) do you have ??
g3b_1
g3b. With-Access bank Rwanda
g3b_2
g3b. With-Bank of Kigali
g3b_3
g3b. With-Banque de l'Habitat du Rwanda
g3b_4
g3b. With-BPR Bank Rwanda Plc
g3b_5
g3b. With-Commercial Bank of Rwanda
g3b_6
g3b. With-Compagnie Générale de Banque
g3b_7
g3b. With-Ecobank
g3b_8
g3b. With-Equity Bank
g3b_9
g3b. With-Fina Bank
g3b_10
g3b. With-I&M Bank Rwanda
g3b_11
g3b. With-Kenya Commercial Bank
g3b_12
g3b. With-National Bank of Rwanda
g3b_13
g3b. With-Rwanda Development Bank
g3b_14
g3b. With-Urwego Opportunity Bank (UOB)
g3b_15
g3b. With-MTN
g3b_16
g3b. With-Airtel Rwanda
g4a
G4a. Which of these ways of saving suits you best?
g4b
G4b. What is the main reason why you save in this way
g5
G5. To what extent do you agree or disagree that [main saving device in G4a] hel
g6
G6. What is your main reason for saving or putting money away for?
g7
G7. How often do you save [main saving device in G4a]?
g8
G8:How much did you save the last time
g9
G9. Reason for Not saving
g9_1
g9. Never thought about it
g9_2
g9. I prefer to spend money on other things I need more
g9_3
g9. I prefer to invest in other things e.g., property, livestock
g9_4
g9. My children will look after me, so I don?t need it
g9_5
g9. I save in other ways e.g., keep cash at home
g9_6
g9. I won't be able to access my money if I need it
g9_7
g9. I don't want to save
g9_8
g9. I don't need to save
g9_9
g9. Don't know about investment and savings
g9_10
g9. I don't have money to save or invest
g9_11
g9. I do not have a bank account
g9_12
g9. It is too expensive
g9_13
g9. I don't have a job
g9_14
g9. Do not understand the investment/savings products
g9_15
g9. There are too many to choose from so I get confused
g9_16
g9. Don't know
g9_17
g9. Other (Specify)
g10
Ways to save money other than putting cash aside
g10_1
G10_1.Other types of savings - Property (a building/house)
g10_2
G10_2.Other types of savings - Land
g10_3
G10_3.Other types of savings - Farming/agriculture/livestock
g10_4
G10_4.Other types of savings - Mutual funds
g10_5
G10_5.Other types of savings - Government bonds
g10_6
G10_6.Other types of savings - Shares/Stocks
g10_7
G10_7.Other types of savings - Assets such as jewellery, gold coins and others
g10_8
G10_8.Other types of savings - Fixed deposits
g11a
G11a. Do you contribute to /have any pension fund?
g11b
G11b. Do you currently have an old-age savings?
g12
Which of the following statements,do you aggree with?
g12_1
g12_1. Do you know the retirement package?
g12_2
g12_2. Are you happy with age and retirement package
g12_3
g12_3. Do you understand your pension benefits
g13
Have you heard of the following terms?
g13_01
g13_01. Have you heard-Stocks/ equity/shares
g13_02
g13_02. Have you heard-Bonds
g13_03
g13_03. Have you heard-Shares in the capital market
g13_04
g13_04. Have you heard-Treasury bills
g13_05
g13_05. Have you heard-Mutual funds (RNIT Iterambere Funds)
g13_06
g13_06. Have you heard-Equities
g13_07
g13_07. Have you heard-Collective investment schemes
g13_08
g13_08. Have you heard-Non-Interest products
g13_09
g13_09. Have you heard-Capital market
g13_10
g13_10. Have you heard-Security exchange commission
g13_11
g13_11. Have you heard-Stockbroker
g13_12
g13_12. Have you heard-Unit trust
g13_13
g13_13. Have you heard-Fixed deposits
g13_14
g13_14. Have you heard-Asset manager
g14a
Have you used any of the following?
g14a_01
g14a_01. Have you used-Stocks/ equity/shares
g14a_02
g14a_02. Have you used-Bonds
g14a_03
g14a_03. Have you used-Shares in the capital market
g14a_04
g14a_04. Have you used-Treasury bills
g14a_05
g14a_05. Have you used-Mutual funds (RNIT Iterambere Funds)
g14a_06
g14a_06. Have you used-Equities
g14a_07
g14a_07. Have you used-Collective investment schemes
g14a_09
g14a_09. Have you used-Capital market
g14a_10
g14a_10. Have you used-Security exchange commission
g14a_11
g14a_11. Have you used-Stockbroker
g14a_12
g14a_12. Have you used-Unit trust
g14a_13
g14a_13. Have you used-Fixed deposits
g14a_14
g14a_14. Have you used-Asset manager
g14b
Have you invested money or bought any of the following .....
g14b_1
g14b_1. Have you invested money or bought-Bought/started a business
g14b_2
g14b_2. Have you invested money or bought-Invested in someone else's business
g14b_3
g14b_3. Have you invested money or bought-Bought agricultural land to start farm
g14b_4
g14b_4. Have you invested money or bought-Bought additional agricultural land to
g14b_5
g14b_5. Have you invested money or bought-Invested in property to rent out
g14b_6
g14b_6. Have you invested money or bought-Bought assets that can use to generate
g14b_7
g14b_7. Have you invested money or bought-Bought livestoke to generate money
g15
G15. Why have you not used any investment products?
g15_1
g15. I do not have the kind of money required to invest
g15_2
g15. I don't need to invest
g15_3
g15. Don't understand how to invest
g15_4
g15. I don't have an ID/passport
g15_5
g15. I use my money for savings not investments
g15_6
g15. I have better option to invest in, instead of capital market
g15_7
g15. I lost money in the investment markets
g15_8
g15. I have never heard of securities markets
g15_9
g15. I don't trust securities markets and stockbrokers
g15_10
g15. It's too complicated
g15_11
g15. I do not like taking risk in the securities market
g15_12
g15. Don't know
g15_13
g15. Other (SPECIFY)
h1
Do you agree/disagree with the following statements?
h1_1
h1_1. You prefer to save money for something rather than borrow to pay for it
h1_2
h1_2. If you borrow money, it is okay to pay it a bit later than agreed
h1_3
h1_3. Being able to borrow money when you need it is more important than the amo
h1_4
h1_4. It is better to keep savings than to use it to pay a debt
h1_5
h1_5. You are aware of the Credit Reference Bureau
h1_6
h1_6. You have checked your credit history through Credit Reference Bureau
h1_7
h1_7. You are aware of the consequencies of defaulting your loan
h2
Credit status
h2_1
H2_1. Borrowed money during the past 12 months
h2_2
H2_2 . Have been paying back money you borrowed in the past 12 months
h2_3
H2_3 . Got any goods or services in advance and had to pay it later in the past
h3
H3. Please tell me which of the following have you done in the past 12 months?
h3_01
h3. Borrowed money from a bank
h3_02
h3. Borrowed money from Digital loan
h3_03
h3. Borrowed money from a MFI or a non-umurenge SACCO
h3_04
h3. Borrowed money from Non-Deposit Taking Lending Financial (NDFI)
h3_05
h3. Borrowed money through Mobile Money credit e.g MoKash
h3_06
h3. Borrowed from an umurenge SACCO
h3_07
h3. Got a loan from Government (Ubudehe credit scheme/VUP loan)
h3_08
h3. Borrowed money from your employer
h3_09
h3. Borrowed money from a group such as a co-op, VLSA, tontine, ikibina
h3_10
h3. Borrowed money from a money lender in the community
h3_11
h3. Borrowed money/got goods in advance from an agricultural buyer or a farmer'
h3_12
h3. Borrowed money from a church or other community-based organisation that you
h3_13
h3. Borrowed money from family/friends that you had to pay back
h3_14
h3. Got money from family/friends that you did not have to pay back
h3_15
h3. Got goods in advance from a shop/store and had to pay back later
h3_16
h3. Gaurantee fund
h3_17
h3. Borrowed money from sources not mentioned, specify
h3_18
h3. None borrowing
h4a
H4a. With which institution(s)?
h4a_1
h4a. With-Access bank Rwanda
h4a_2
h4a. With-Bank of Kigali
h4a_3
h4a. With-Banque de l'Habitat du Rwanda
h4a_4
h4a. With-BPR Bank Rwanda Plc
h4a_5
h4a. With-Commercial Bank of Rwanda
h4a_6
h4a. With-Compagnie Générale de Banque
h4a_7
h4a. With-Ecobank
h4a_8
h4a. With-Equity Bank
h4a_9
h4a. With-Fina Bank
h4a_10
h4a. With-I&M Bank Rwanda
h4a_11
h4a. With-Kenya Commercial Bank
h4a_12
h4a. With-National Bank of Rwanda
h4a_13
h4a. With-Rwanda Development Bank
h4a_14
h4a. With-Urwego Opportunity Bank (UOB)
h4a_15
h4a. With-MTN
h4a_16
h4a. With-Airtel Rwanda
h4a_17
h4a. With-AMIZERO SACCO GISAKURA
h4a_18
h4a. With-COMICOKA
h4a_19
h4a. With-COODEMARU
h4a_20
h4a. With-COOJAD BUGESERA
h4a_21
h4a. With-COOPEC IMPAMBA
h4a_22
h4a. With-COOPEC INGASHYA
h4a_23
h4a. With-COOPEC ITI
h4a_24
h4a. With-COOPEC TWIZIGAMIRE
h4a_25
h4a. With-COOPEC UBAKA
h4a_26
h4a. With-COOPEC ZAMUKA
h4a_27
h4a. With-CPF INEZA
h4a_28
h4a. With-CSPKI
h4a_29
h4a. With-CSTCR
h4a_30
h4a. With-CT NYAMAGABE
h4a_31
h4a. With-CT RUSIZI
h4a_32
h4a. With-Cycle Investment Cooperative (CIC SACCO)
h4a_33
h4a. With-GATARE TEA FARMERS SACCO
h4a_34
h4a. With-MTG ISHEMA SACCO
h4a_35
h4a. With-MUGANGA SACCO
h4a_36
h4a. With-PFUNDA TEA FARMERS AND WORKERS SACCO
h4a_37
h4a. With-SACCO TEA SHAGASHA
h4a_38
h4a. With-TRASO
h4a_39
h4a. With-UMWALIMU SACCO
h4a_40
h4a. With-Other
h4b
H4b. Who did you borrow the most money from?
h5
H5. What did you borrow the most money for?
h6a
H6a. What is the most important thing you take into account when you choose who
h6b
H6b. To what extend do you agree or disagree that [INSERT PROVIDER FROM H4c] hel
h6c
H6c. How do you evaluate the amount of microcredit loan interest rate charged?
h6d_1
h6d_1. When you were given your loan, you were given all the key details about t
h6d_2
h6d_2. The fees and charges for your loan are transparent, or at least easy to f
h6d_3
h6d_3. You were charged fees you did not expect
h6d_4
h6d_4. The lender unexpectedly withdrew your money
h6d_5
h6d_5. You did not fully understand the cost or fees
h7
H7. What is the main reason why you have not borrowed money?
h7_other_specify
H7. Other, specify
h8a
In the past 6 months, have you been refuseda loan by the following institutions?
h8a_1
h8a_1. Bank-In the past 6 months, have you been refused a loan
h8a_2
h8a_2. SACCO-In the past 6 months, have you been refused a loan
h8a_3
h8a_3. MFI-In the past 6 months, have you been refused a loan
h8a_4
h8a_4. Mobile money-In the past 6 months, have you been refused a loan
h8a_5
h8a_5. Savings groups-In the past 6 months, have you been refused a loan
h8b
What was the main reason given for the refusal?
h8b_1
h8b_1. Bank-what was the main reason given for the refusal
h8b_2
h8b_2. SACCO-what was the main reason given for the refusal
h8b_3
h8b_3. MFI-what was the main reason given for the refusal
h8b_4
h8b_4. Mobile money-what was the main reason given for the refusal
h8b_5
h8b_5. Savings groups-what was the main reason given for the refusal
h9a
H9a. How often do/did you borrow through your mobile money operator? Would you s
h9b
H9b. The last time you borrowed through your mobile money operator, how much did
h10a
H10a. In the last 12 months, have you borrowed airtime from your network mobile
h10b
H10b. How often do/did you borrow airtime? Would you say it is/was ?...?
h10c
H10c. The last time you borrowed airtime, how much did you borrow?
i
Please tell me which of the following you agree with?
i1_1
i1_1. You agree with: Insurance is not useful because they never pay out
i1_2
i1_2. You agree with: Having insurance is a good way of protecting yourself for
i1_3
i1_3. You agree with: It is better to have savings to fall back on when you suff
i1_4
i1_4. You agree with: You understand how insurance works
i2
I2. Can you please tell me about something that happened to you in the past 12 m
i2_1
i2. Member of household lost job/income
Total: 2500
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